After the US government finally allowed the study of the therapeutic properties of cannabis, a new but as yet unsuspected dimension of human biochemistry came into focus.
After the discovery of the endocannabinoid system in the 90s, which is still considered the discovery of the decade, researchers were given the first opportunity to understand exactly how the human body controls and directs some of its processes.
What is the endocannabinoid system?
The endocannabinoid system is indeed a unique subject of professional interest as it influences physical processes in many ways.
The endocannabinoid system affects everything:
from cognitive processes and pain perception
to appetite and physical activity.
The endocannabinoid system plays such an important role that it is possible that it could help treat cancer, depression, and a variety of hitherto incurable diseases. The most important components of the endocannabinoid system are the two cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2. In these two molecules lies the whole science of cannabis. Like all biochemical receptors, CB1 and CB2 are composed of proteins and function based on chemical stimuli from outside the cell.
They could be compared to one of the little black dots on the TV screen that receive signals from the remote control. They simply wait for an impulse and then react. For many years, CB1 and CB2 were the only known receptors for the endocannabinoid system. However, researchers are now suggesting the existence of a new cannabinoid receptor that could open up a range of new treatments.
Why a breakthrough?
The breakthrough molecule is still called GPR55, but it could soon be called CB3. This is not such a novelty as traces of it were found back in 1999 in several parts of the brain such as the hippocampus, cerebellum, thalamus, etc. However, recent studies have shown that it is found in other parts of the human body such as the spleen. gastrointestinal tract and adrenal glands. A certain number of them are also found in tumor cells.
New research claims that cannabis may have effects on the human body that we have not yet suspected.
But what makes it all such a breakthrough? Indeed, if the molecule is indeed an unexplored cannabinoid receptor, this would mean that our understanding of the endocannabinoid system until today has been insufficient. Moreover, the GPR55 is very different from the relatively similar CB1 and CB2. The newly discovered molecule shares less than 15 percent amino acid structure with the receptor pair. Scientists believe that this molecule, which is found not only in the brain but also in many other important organs, works in a completely different way than cannabinoid receptors are supposed to. This can be compared to the hypothetical discovery that the toes respond to completely different stimuli than the fingers, for example, they do not respond to physical impulses but to magnetic fields.
The secret of functioning
Researchers agree that the potential of CB3 is immeasurable. We will finally be able to find out why hemp extracts have so many positive therapeutic effects, which, although regularly demonstrated in experiments, scientists often have nothing left to do but shake their heads due to the unknown specific mechanism of therapeutic effects. That is, if they could figure out exactly how the endocannabinoid system works, they could very well come up with new and better treatments for countless diseases.
With a better knowledge of cannabinoid receptors, we would also be able to learn more about our body as a whole, such as how it actually fights disease. At first glance, the presence of the GPR55 molecule in tumor cells may seem intimidating, but in fact there is no cause for concern. The functions and effects of the GPR55 molecule are still largely unknown, but if we can determine the causes of its occurrence in cancer cells, we will learn more about cancer itself – why it develops, how it spreads, and perhaps how to stop it. Moreover, if research leads to the discovery that cannabinoid receptors can be used to treat cancer, we will eventually have more resources against them. Such a discovery will be a breakthrough in medicine.
One theory about the properties of CB3 suggests that the human body must be able to convert some cannabinoids into others. If these assumptions are confirmed and tumor cells use CB3 for dubious purposes, then it would be sufficient to develop a cannabinoid that would bind to this receptor and possibly prevent tumor growth. However, these are just theories, and scientists have a long way to go. However, the possibilities are endless and there is definitely something to look forward to. Thus, CB3 may lead to a general change in the treatment of human diseases in the future.
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Sources:
https://www.rxleaf.com/finding-the-cb3-receptor-could-be-the-medical-breakthrough-of-human-history/?fbclid=IwAR3i-KW5khXv4SkSP0NhxYG1wD_2R1gLPNli9xv00CRcClCt4fNcYGE6rZE
